![]() ![]() The main processing component of a computer is the central processing unit, or CPU, but in a modern computer there are likely to be other processing units too. processing: the components of the computer which process information.This includes keyboards, mice, scanners and microphones. input: anything that allows a computer to receive information from a user.Modern computers can execute many millions of these instructions in a second.Ī computer contains four major types of components: branching: jumping to another instruction in the program, and continuing from there. ![]() These are often called logical operations. comparison: comparing two numbers to see which is greater, or whether they are equal.arithmetic: adding, subtracting, multiplying or dividing numbers.Here are some examples of simple computer instructions: Lists of instructions which tell the computer how to perform complex tasks are known as programs. Such a request would have to be broken down into many smaller step-by-step instructions which are simpler. A computer can easily interpret an instruction like “add these two numbers together”, but not a more complicated request like “balance my chequebook”. While some languages (like Python) can be used to express more high-level instructions than others (like assembly), there are still considerable limits. However, while people can understand complex instructions in natural languages (like English), computers can only understand very simple instructions which can be expressed in computer languages – restricted, formally specified languages which are much more limited than natural languages. This is similar to the way people follow instructions or recipes. Sorting, searching and algorithm analysisĪ computer accepts a series of instructions as input, processes them one by one, and usually displays some kind of output to show what it has done.Introduction to GUI programming with tkinter.Compilers, interpreters and the Python programming language.Play scripts as algorithms (the object-oriented approach to programming).Recipes as algorithms (the structured approach to programming).Fourth-generation computers (early 70s and onwards).Third-generation computers (mid-60s to early 70s).Second-generation computers (late 50s to mid-60s). ![]()
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